[Lmresearch] New LMRI EL Facts--California's Linguistic Minority Population, 2005

[Russell W. Rumberger]

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           California's Linguistic Minority Population, 2005

            In the 2004-05 school year, 2.6 million, or 42 percent, of California's 6.3 million public school students were linguistic minorities (LM), which means they came from households where a language other than English was spoken. The LM population consists of two subgroups, based on their level of English proficiency: students who are not yet proficient in English are classified as English learners (ELs), while students who are proficient in English are classified as Fluent English Proficient (FEP).

            In California, 1.6 million linguistic minority students were designated as ELs in 2004-05 and another 1 million were designated as FEP. The proportion of EL to FEP students varies as students progress through school-in elementary school (grades K-5), about one in four linguistic minorities were FEP, whereas in secondary school (grades 6-12), just over 50 percent of linguistic minorities were classified as FEP.

            The vast majority of linguistic minority students in California are Spanish-speaking. In 2004-05, 78 percent of all LM students and 85 percent of all ELs were Spanish speaking. In addition, the vast majority (70 percent) of Latino students in California in 2004-05 were linguistic minorities.

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